Elon Reeve Musk FRS ( Elon Musk ish pronunciation respellElon Musk ing”>EE-lon; born June 28, 1971) is a enterprise wealthy person and investor. He is the founder, CEO and chief engineer Elon Musk of SpaceX; angel investor, CEO and product architect of Tesla, Inc.;proprietor and CEO of Twitter, Inc.; founder of The Boring Company; co-founder of Neuralink and OpenAI; and president of the philanthropic Musk Foundation. With an estimated net really worth of round $164 billion as of December thirteen, 2022,[four] Musk is the second one-wealthiest man or woman inside the international in line with each the Bloomberg Billionaires Index and Forbes‘s actual-time billionaires listing.[five][6]
Musk became born in Pretoria, South Africa and briefly attended at the University of Pretoria before transferring to Canada at age 18, obtaining citizenship through Elon Musk his Canadian-born mom. Two years later, he matriculated at Queen’s University and transferred to the University of Pennsylvania, wherein he acquired bachelor’s degrees in economics and physics. He moved to California in 1995 to wait Elon Musk Stanford University. After two days, he dropped out and with his brother Elon Musk Kimbal, co-based the online Elon Musk city guide software program corporation Zip2. In 1999, Zip2 became acquired by using Compaq and Musk co-founded the net financial institution X.com. X.com merged with Confinity in 2000 to form PayPal, and Musk was ousted from PayPal’s board of administrators.
In 2002, together with his $one hundred seventy five.eight million from eBay’s acquisition of PayPal, Musk founded SpaceX, a spaceflight offerings agency. In 2004, he turned into an early investor within the electric vehicle producer Tesla Motors, Inc. (now Tesla, Inc.). He have become its chairman and product architect, eventually assuming the location of CEO in 2008. In 2006, he helped create SolarCity, a sun strength agency that was later obtained by way of Tesla and became Tesla Energy. In 2015, he co-founded OpenAI, a nonprofit synthetic intelligence studies enterprise. The following year, he co-based Neuralink—a neurotechnology business enterprise growing mind–pc interfaces—and The Boring Company, a tunnel construction agency. In 2022, Musk purchased the social media platform Twitter for $44 billion. He has proposed a hyperloop high-speed vactrain transportation machine.
Musk has made debatable statements on politics and technology, in particular on Twitter, and is a polarizing Elon Musk determine. He has additionally been criticized for making unscientific and deceptive statements, which Elon Musk include spreading COVID-19 misinformation. In 2018, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) sued Musk for falsely tweeting that he had secured investment for a private takeover of Tesla. Musk stepped down as chairman of Tesla and paid a $20 million high-quality as a part of a settlement agreement with the SEC.Early lifeChildhood and own family
Elon Reeve Musk changed into born on June 28, 1971, in Pretoria, one among South Africa’s capital cities.[7][Elon Musk eight] Musk has British and Pennsylvania Dutch ancestry.[9][10] His mother is Maye Musk (née Haldeman), a model and dietitian born in Saskatchewan, Canada, and raised in South Africa.[11][12][thirteen] His father, Errol Musk, is a South African electromechanical engineer, pilot, sailor, consultant, and assets developer, who become a half of-owner of a Zambian emerald mine close to Lake Tanganyika.[14][15][sixteen][17] Musk has a younger brother, Kimbal, and a more youthful sister, Tosca.[13][18]
Musk’s own family become rich during his youth.[17] His father became elected to the Pretoria City Council as a consultant of the anti-apartheid Progressive Party, with his kids sharing their father’s dislike of apartheid.[7] His maternal grandfather, Joshua Haldeman, become an adventurous American-born Canadian who took his own family on report-breaking journeys to Africa and Australia in a single-engine Bellanca aircraft.[19][20][21] After his mother and father divorced in 1980, Musk selected to generally stay with his father.[nine] Musk regretted his selection and has grow to be estranged from his father.[22] He has a paternal half of-sister and a half of-brother.[19][23]
In his biography of Musk, Ashlee Vance described Musk as an ungainly and introverted child.[24] When Musk was age ten, he developed an interest in computing and video games, coaching himself a way to software from the VIC-20 person manual.[25] At age twelve, he sold his BASIC-primarily based game Blastar to PC and Office Technology mag for Elon Musk approximately $500.[26][27]Education
Musk graduated from Pretoria Boys High School in South Africa
Musk attended Waterkloof House Preparatory School, Bryanston High School, and Pretoria Boys High School, from which he graduated.[28] Musk carried out for a Canadian passport through his Canadian-born mom,[29][30] understanding that it’d be less complicated to immigrate to the United States this way.[31] While waiting for his utility to be processed, he attended the University of Pretoria for five months.[32]
Musk arrived in Canada in June 1989 and lived with a second cousin in Saskatchewan for a year,[33] running atypical jobs at a farm and lumber mill.[34] In 1990, he entered Queen’s University in Kingston, Ontario.[35][36] Two years later, he transferred to the University of Pennsylvania, wherein he finished studies for a Bachelor of Arts degree in physics and a Bachelor of Science diploma in economics from the Wharton School in 1995.[37][38][39][40] He reportedly hosted huge, ticketed residence parties to help pay for lessons, and wrote a marketing strategy for an digital e-book-scanning provider just like Google Books.[forty one]
In 1994, Musk held internships in Silicon Valley: one on the strength storage startup Pinnacle Research Institute, which investigated electrolytic ultracapacitors for electricity garage, and another on the Palo Alto–based totally startup Rocket Science Games.[forty two][43] In 1995, he become conventional to a PhD application in substances technological Elon Musk know-how at Stanford University.[44][forty five] However, Musk determined to join the Internet growth, instead losing out two days after being widespread and applied for a activity at Netscape, to which he reportedly in no way obtained a response.[forty six][29]Business careerZip2
In 1995, Musk, his brother Kimbal, and Greg Kouri based Zip2.[forty seven][48] Errol Musk furnished them with $28,000 in investment.[forty nine] The agency evolved an Internet city manual with maps, directions, and telephone book, and marketed it to newspapers.[50] They labored at a small rented office in Palo Alto,[51] Musk coding the internet site every night time.[51] Eventually, Zip2 received contracts with The New York Times and the Chicago Tribune.[forty one] The brothers persuaded the board of administrators to desert a merger with CitySearch;[fifty two] but, Musk’s tries to end up CEO have been Elon Musk thwarted.[fifty three] Compaq obtained Zip2 for $307 million in cash in February 1999,[fifty four][55] and Musk received $22 million for his 7-percent percentage.[fifty six]X.com and PayPal
Later in 1999, Musk co-based X.com, an online economic offerings and e-mail price enterprise.[fifty seven] X.com became one of the first federally insured on-line banks, and over two hundred,000 customers joined in its preliminary months of operation.[fifty eight] Even though Musk founded the enterprise, traders seemed him as green and replaced him with Intuit CEO Bill Harris by the stop of the 12 months.[59]
In 2000, X.com merged with on line financial institution Confinity to avoid competition,[51][fifty nine][60] as Confinity’s money-switch carrier PayPal become greater famous than X.com’s provider.[sixty one] Musk then again as CEO of the merged company. His choice for Microsoft over Unix-based software prompted a rift the various company’s employees, and led Peter Thiel, Confinity’s founder, to resign.[sixty two] With the company affected by compounding technological issues and the shortage of a cohesive enterprise version, the board ousted Musk and replaced him with Thiel in September 2000.[63][b] Under Thiel, the organization centered at the money-switch carrier and was renamed PayPal in 2001.[65][66]
In 2002, PayPal become obtained through eBay for $1.five billion in inventory, of which Musk—the most important shareholder with 11.72% of shares—obtained $175.8 million.[67][sixty eight] In 2017, greater than 15 years later, Musk bought the X.com domain from PayPal for its sentimental cost.[69][70] In 2022, Musk discussed a intention of creating “X, the the entirety app”.[71]SpaceX